Title : Green hydrogen: Driving sustainable aviation's future
Abstract:
Green hydrogen is emerging as a vital solution for decarbonising the aviation industry, showcasing significant potential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. This study examines the latest advancements in green hydrogen technologies and their applications for sustainable aviation. The research focuses on cutting-edge electrolysis methods, including low-temperature alkaline/PEM electrolysis (Technology Readiness Level 9) and high-temperature solid oxide electrolysis (Technology Readiness Level 8). These methods have achieved efficiencies exceeding 80% while reducing energy input to 40 kWh/kg. These innovations are crucial for scaling up production to meet aviation's stringent energy density requirements. The study analyses strategies for reducing costs in electrolysis. Due to automation and material innovations, capital expenditures (CAPEX) for electrolysers are projected to decrease by 30-40% by 2025. It also examines infrastructure development, highlighting projects such as Saudi Arabia’s NEOM plant and Louisiana’s St. Gabriel facility. These projects demonstrate the integration of large- scale renewable energy with hydrogen production. Results indicate that while the production costs of green hydrogen currently range from €1.7 to €10.2/kg, depending on technology and project specifics, there is significant potential for further cost reduction. The study also addresses challenges related to aviation integration, including airport refuelling infrastructure and cryogenic storage solutions. In conclusion, this research suggests that green hydrogen has the potential to transform aviation towards a sustainable future, aligning with global efforts to achieve net-zero emissions by 2050. However, overcoming economic barriers and developing supportive policy frameworks are critical for widespread adoption
