Title : Development of a mathematical model and information system for predicting technological parameters of anaerobic fermentation bioreactor
Abstract:
Aggravation of environmental problems and growth of prices for energy resources have caused considerable interest in the technology of bioconversion of organic waste for energy production. In addition, the transition of livestock and poultry farming to an industrial basis and the associated high concentration of animals on large farms and complexes have led to a sharp increase in manure waste and effluents. One of the methods of rational use of organic waste from livestock farms is their anaerobic fermentation in biogas plants, which neutralizes liquid manure and turns it into fertilizer with simultaneous production of an energy resource - biogas. Efficient using of agricultural waste is a global and important world problem. Therefore, the development of a technology for the disposal of cattle waste in the current environmental situation, ensuring not only environmental safety, but also contributing to the creation of a closed energy-saving production with the production of mineralized organic fertilizer, which allows increasing the yield of agricultural crops; feed additives; especially an additional source of energy in the form of biogas, is becoming relevant. The main objective of the study is to create an intelligent system for assessing and predicting biogas yield, which is especially relevant in the context of the growing need for renewable energy sources and sustainable development of the agro-industrial complex. The relevance of the research is due to the insufficient applicability of existing mathematical models (Mono, Konto, Chen-Hashimoto, ADM1, etc.) to large-scale production conditions. These models were developed for laboratory conditions and require parameters that are difficult or impossible to measure in a real production process (e.g., bacterial concentration or inhibition coefficients). In response to this challenge, these studies propose a new regression model adapted to the specifics of production scale, using measurable physicochemical parameters. Within the framework of the work:
- A comparative analysis of existing models of anaerobic fermentation was carried out;
- 26 parameters influencing the biogas yield were determined, including macro- and microelements (Fe, K, Na, Zn, Cu, etc.), carbon, nitrogen concentrations, pH, temperature, humidity, acidity, substrate weight, degree of grinding, etc.;
- A linear regression model of biomethane yield was formed, allowing for real-time forecasts;
- A computer program with a user interface and a database for storing static information were developed;
- The foundations for creating an expert system for monitoring and visualizing the potential of biogas plants in Kazakhstan were laid.
- The practical significance of the study lies in the versatility of the proposed model: it can be used both in livestock farms and poultry farms, provided that initial measurements are available.
